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Secondary Phrase Lists (SPL) Common technical collocations in 8 secondary school disciplines

This page describes the Secondary Phrase Lists (SPL), giving information on what the SPL is, how it was developed, and also provides a complete (sortable) list of phrases in the SPL.


To explore the lists more fully, try the SPL highlighter (on this site).


What is the SPL?

The Secondary Phrase Lists (SPL) is a series of lists of discipline-specific (i.e. technical) two-word phrases for secondary school education, covering eight core subjects: Biology, Chemistry, Economics, English (general not literary), Geology, History (modern), Mathematics, and Physics. It was developed in 2019 by Clarence Green and James Lambert, and follows on from their earlier list of single words, the SVL (Secondary Schools Vocabulary Lists). Examples of phrases in the SPL are amino acids (Biology), demand curve (Economics), urban areas (Geography), standard deviation (Math), and foreign policy (History).


Although technical in nature, the list was devised using methods similar to those used to create other English word lists such as the AVL (Academic Vocabulary List) and AFL (Academic Formulas List). It continues a trend which has seen a greater focus on discipline-specific rather than general academic word lists, as well as increased interest in multi-word lists.


The SPL is intended to improve disciplinary literacy of secondary school students. In other words, it helps students to think, write, communicate and use information in specific academic subjects in a way similar to experts in the field. It has been suggested that disciplinary literacy is developed through three stages: first, learning general vocabulary; second, building academic fluency by focusing on academic vocabulary and style conventions; and finally, by learning specialised language patterns. It is the final stage that the SPL (and corresponding list of single words, the SVL) is intended to assist with.


How was the SPL developed?

The SPL was developed from the same corpus as the SVL (Secondary School Vocabulary Lists, which comprised 16.25 million words taken from 206 secondary school textbooks, most published within five years of the creation of the lists. The texts were taken from the Ministry of Education (Singapore) list of approved text books, all published in either Singapore or the UK, as well as A-level/O-level syllabi documents from the United Kingdom and Singapore. Some additional O-Level and A-level texts were sampled in order to reach the desired word count.


The lists were created using objective criteria. Subjective criteria were also used, but only to enrich information about the phrases, rather than select which ones were included.


Objective criteria

The following objective criteria were used to select collocations for inclusion in the list.

  • Minimum frequency. Phrases needed to occur at least 10 times per million words. This is the same level as used for the creation of the AFL (Academic Formulas List).
  • Major Part of Speech. Only major parts of speech were used, leading to 5 collocation types: nouns-noun, adjective-noun, noun-verb, verb-noun, and verb-adverb.
  • Mutual Information (MI) score. This score reflects how often words occur together, with a higher score indicating that the words appear more frequently together.
  • Dispersion. Words needed to be evenly distributed throughout the corpora.
  • Range. Words needed to occur in at least 20% of the texts for the relevant discipline.

Subjective criteria

As noted above, subjective criteria were used to add information to the lists, rather than to select phrases. Each phrase was assigned a pedagogical usefulness score, i.e. how useful each would be for teaching/learning purposes, based on ratings (from 1=low to 5=high) from three experienced secondary school teachers. The teachers were asked to consider the following aspects when making their ratings:

  • whether they would teach the phrase;
  • whether it was technical;
  • whether it was unclear without explanation;
  • whether it was important for understanding the subject;
  • whether student use of the phrase would indicate good academic level in the subject.

References

Green, C. and Lambert, J. (2019) 'Position vectors, homologous chromosomes and gamma rays: Promoting disciplinary literacy through Secondary Phrase Lists', English for Specific Purposes, 53 (2019) 1-12. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0889490617303125.


Secondary Phrase Lists (SPL)

Choose how you want to sort the phrases, and which subject you want. Note: (1) if sorting by type, the order is n+n, adj+n, n+v, v+n, v+adv; (2) in case of ties when sorting, frequency is used as a secondary sort value, except for frequency itself where MI is used.




The following gives the 1758 collocations in the Biology list of the SPL, sorted by frequency.


Number Collocation Type Frequency MI Use
1carbon dioxiden+n14629.035
2amino acidsn+n9099.214.67
3water potentialn+n6607.114.33
4blood cellsn+n6564.244
5made upv+adv4198.024
6surface arean+n4138.984
7blood glucosen+n4014.915
8amino acidn+n3948.244.67
9cell walln+n3846.543.67
10active transportadj+n3548.874
11cell surfacen+n3495.694
12explain whyv+adv3288.353.3
13takes placev+n3189.863.3
14blood groupn+n3125.944
15light intensityn+n2969.84.33
16explain howv+adv2917.033.3
17carry outv+adv2888.943.7
18concentration gradientn+n2878.315
19body temperaturen+n2766.494.67
20mineral saltsn+n27311.084
21take placev+n2739.273.3
22food chainn+n2708.124.33
23blood vesselsn+n2706.344.33
24nervous systemadj+n2679.364.7
25water moleculesn+n2655.064.67
26surface membranen+n2637.135
27blood pressuren+n2475.364.67
28root hairn+n2449.563.67
29nerve impulsesn+n243104.33
30active siteadj+n2439.354
31small intestineadj+n2419.524
32glucose concentrationn+n2395.775
33carried outv+adv2368.93.7
34cell divisionn+n2356.584.67
35plant cellsn+n2294.283.33
36spinal cordadj+n22711.424
37plant celln+n2264.33.33
38blood capillariesn+n2246.184.67
39homologous chromosomesadj+n2199.175
40daughter cellsn+n2126.814.33
41fatty acidsadj+n2109.014.3
42action potentialn+n2088.14.67
43cell membranen+n2074.514.67
44pollen grainsn+n20510.644
45aerobic respirationadj+n1969.595
46natural selectionadj+n19510.324.7
47water vapourn+n1867.723.67
48xylem vesselsn+n1839.045
49broken downv+adv1799.894.7
50living organismsadj+n1768.54
51guard cellsn+n1747.044
52anaerobic respirationadj+n1719.585
53trophic leveladj+n1709.854.3
54genetic engineeringadj+n1689.914.7
55DNA moleculen+n1675.865
56animal celln+n1655.583.67
57endoplasmic reticulumadj+n16112.365
58sucrose solutionn+n1587.824.33
59animal cellsn+n1555.453.67
60blood plasman+n1545.64.33
61left ventricleadj+n15310.424
62tissue fluidn+n1508.034.33
63blood flown+n1505.873.67
64describe howv+adv1486.953.3
65food substancesn+n1486.483.67
66plasma membranen+n1477.434.67
67hydrogen bondsn+n1459.254.67
68recessive alleleadj+n1438.535
69light energyn+n1436.14.33
70waste productsn+n14110.074
71body cellsn+n1393.453.33
72alimentary canaladj+n13712.694.7
73cell sapn+n1377.084
74lactic acidadj+n13510.024
75permeable membraneadj+n1328.095
76test tuben+n1327.833.33
77menstrual cycleadj+n13110.344.3
78cell wallsn+n1305.333.67
79mesophyll cellsn+n1296.45
80blood vesseln+n1296.264
81pollen tuben+n1278.124
82water lossn+n1275.873.67
83muscle cellsn+n1264.883.67
84distilled wateradj+n1257.653.3
85gaseous exchangeadj+n12411.244
86motor neuronen+n1249.675
87make upv+adv1246.664
88circulatory systemadj+n1239.685
89sensory neuroneadj+n1239.564.3
90sodium ionsn+n1228.764.33
91protein synthesisn+n1228.075
92gas exchangen+n1199.834.33
93chemical energyadj+n1196.754.3
94hair celln+n1195.413.67
95dialysis fluidn+n1179.614.67
96break downv+adv1179.344.3
97crossing overv+adv11511.754.3
98dominant alleleadj+n1158.355
99negative feedbackadj+n11311.534.7
100immune systemadj+n1138.94.3
101DNA replicationn+n1117.465
102intercostal musclesadj+n11010.094.7
103parent celln+n1105.674
104Krebs cyclen+n10910.455
105pituitary glandadj+n10711.375
106nuclear envelopeadj+n10711.34.7
107oxygenated bloodadj+n1077.354.3
108blood groupsn+n1075.434
109optimum temperatureadj+n1058.44.3
110sexual reproductionadj+n10410.644.3
111genetic variationadj+n1047.634
112enzyme activityn+n1047.364.33
113different typesadj+n1026.672.3
114cystic fibrosisadj+n10113.255
115gene therapyn+n1018.934.33
116limiting factoradj+n9911.264
117action potentialsn+n9910.135
118human insulinadj+n997.194.7
119sister chromatidsn+n9811.815
120shown belowv+adv976.772.3
121vena cavan+n9613.314.67
122other partsadj+n966.952
123human bodyadj+n965.533
124pollen grainn+n9510.673.33
125deoxygenated bloodadj+n957.374.3
126lower wateradj+n955.182.3
127breaks downv+adv939.644.3
128cell cyclen+n934.573.67
129higher wateradj+n924.912
130left atriumadj+n9110.324.3
131substrate concentrationn+n916.254.33
132glucose leveln+n915.794
133set upv+adv908.564
134higher concentrationadj+n906.193.3
135water movesn+v906.123.7
136different speciesadj+n905.413
137xylem vesseln+n898.995
138blood flowsn+v896.354
139right ventricleadj+n8810.034.3
140iodine solutionn+n888.424
141pulmonary arteryadj+n879.564.7
142uterine liningadj+n8611.854.3
143asexual reproductionadj+n8611.54.7
144Golgi apparatusn+n8611.325
145chemical reactionsadj+n868.564
146reproductive systemadj+n868.414.3
147water bathn+n867.63.33
148large surfaceadj+n866.252.7
149convoluted tubuleadj+n8512.125
150potassium ionsn+n859.064.33
151occurs whenv+adv857.253.3
152light microscopen+n848.314
153spongy mesophylladj+n8311.65
154activation energyn+n838.274.33
155food chainsn+n837.473.67
156cell membranesn+n835.264
157table showsn+v826.162.3
158high concentrationadj+n825.493
159hepatic portaladj+n8112.814.7
160insulin genen+n816.084.33
161food webn+n809.234
162Visking tubingn+n7912.385
163portal veinn+n7911.254
164circular musclesadj+n799.153.7
165DNA fragmentsn+n797.624.33
166hair cellsn+n794.783.33
167reflex actionadj+n789.094
168carbon monoxiden+n789.085
169fatty acidadj+n787.824
170taken upv+adv786.764
171liver cellsn+n784.23.67
172continuous variationadj+n779.424
173muscles relaxn+v778.774.3
174polypeptide chainn+n778.645
175genetic materialadj+n768.283.7
176double helixadj+n7511.454.7
177spindle fibresn+n7510.784.67
178heat lossn+n758.383.33
179genetic diagramadj+n755.864
180electron transportn+n748.044.67
181epithelial cellsadj+n746.845
182discontinuous variationadj+n7310.684.7
183taking placev+n739.143.3
184opposite polesadj+n7212.183.7
185renal arteryadj+n729.624.3
186heart diseasen+n726.892.67
187water entersn+v725.533.7
188enzyme concentrationn+n724.354.67
189glucose moleculesn+n724.294.67
190palisade mesophylln+n7111.315
191potential gradientn+n717.274
192lower concentrationadj+n716.083
193right atriumadj+n7010.354
194nuclear divisionadj+n709.24.3
195sieve tuben+n708.864
196green plantsadj+n706.942
197root hairsn+n699.633.67
198dependent stageadj+n699.344
199pulmonary veinadj+n699.255
200restriction enzymen+n697.624.33
201trophic levelsadj+n689.624.3
202electron microscopen+n689.64
203suggest whyv+adv687.953.3
204living cellsadj+n684.873.3
205selective breedingadj+n6711.414.3
206find outv+adv678.243.3
207heart raten+n675.123.33
208environmental factorsadj+n669.344
209air spacesn+n668.642.33
210male gametesadj+n668.34.3
211phosphate groupn+n667.964
212mineral ionsn+n667.893.67
213cells containn+v664.123.7
214metabolic wasteadj+n659.954.3
215internal environmentadj+n658.884
216substrate moleculesn+n6564.33
217calcium ionsn+n649.183.67
218DNA polymerasen+n647.115
219excess glucoseadj+n646.964.3
220transport chainn+n646.954
221other organismsadj+n645.32.3
222renal veinadj+n639.464.3
223digested foodadj+n638.913
224sex chromosomesn+n637.534.67
225time takenn+v637.13.3
226high pressureadj+n636.043
227large numberadj+n635.661.3
228bone marrown+n6213.414
229large amountadj+n626.591.7
230arbitrary unitsadj+n6112.014
231endocrine glandsadj+n6110.435
232hydrogen atomsn+n619.124
233digestive systemadj+n618.473.7
234blood capillaryn+n616.024
235blood sugarn+n614.33.67
236nerve impulsen+n609.814
237male gameteadj+n609.674
238joined togetherv+adv609.493.3
239sensory neuronesadj+n609.475
240independent stageadj+n608.984
241active sitesadj+n608.593.7
242small amountadj+n606.451.3
243process calledn+v605.12.7
244lower epidermisadj+n599.094.7
245genetic informationadj+n597.134
246chemical reactionadj+n596.754
247xylem tissuen+n596.665
248gene mutationn+n596.464.33
249oxidative phosphorylationadj+n5813.225
250Calvin cyclen+n5810.495
251lung cancern+n5810.223
252sieve tubesn+n5810.24
253light raysn+n589.223.33
254environmental conditionsadj+n589.174
255cellular respirationadj+n588.355
256phloem tissuen+n587.415
257sugar solutionn+n586.163.67
258guard celln+n585.494.33
259sticky endsadj+n5711.992.7
260hydrochloric acidadj+n5710.034.3
261high temperaturesadj+n578.023
262blood clottingn+v577.074
263hydrogen ionsn+n576.824
264carbon cyclen+n575.434
265diabetes mellitusn+n5612.385
266salivary amylaseadj+n5611.074.7
267messenger RNAn+n5610.465
268nucleic acidsadj+n569.274
269diploid numberadj+n567.894.7
270epidermal cellsadj+n566.644.3
271reflex arcadj+n5511.744.3
272flowering plantsadj+n558.662.7
273genetic codeadj+n558.254.3
274suggest howv+adv556.53.3
275eukaryotic cellsadj+n556.065
276different partsadj+n555.62
277protein moleculesn+n554.724
278used upv+adv554.583.7
279myelin sheathn+n5413.095
280hydrogen peroxiden+n5410.694.33
281coronary arteriesadj+n5410.34.3
282artificial selectionadj+n5410.234.7
283radial musclesadj+n549.834
284complementary baseadj+n548.884.3
285base sequencen+n547.664.33
286recombinant DNAadj+n547.275
287organic moleculesadj+n546.874.3
288glucose solutionn+n543.964
289thoracic cavityadj+n5312.34.3
290collecting ductn+n5312.284
291lunar valvesadj+n5311.894.3
292pancreatic juiceadj+n5311.654
293dry massadj+n5310.233
294immune responseadj+n539.334
295glucose levelsn+n536.094
296bacterial cellsadj+n535.364
297sexual intercourseadj+n5212.134
298dialysis machinen+n5211.394
299DNA strandn+n526.134
300chromosome numbern+n525.794.67
301independent assortmentadj+n5111.834.7
302reducing sugaradj+n5110.414
303transverse sectionadj+n5110.164
304give risev+n519.573.3
305smooth muscleadj+n518.733.7
306capillary tubeadj+n518.334.3
307test tubesn+n518.073.33
308surface membranesn+n516.824
309shows partv+n515.53
310antibiotic resistancen+n5010.794.33
311base pairingn+n5010.534.33
312net movementadj+n509.664
313substrate moleculen+n506.24.67
314tissue cellsn+n503.183
315possible genotypesadj+n498.664
316different concentrationsadj+n496.613
317air pressuren+n495.43
318small moleculesadj+n494.853.3
319cigarette smoken+n4812.72.67
320upper epidermisadj+n4810.884
321sodium hydroxiden+n4810.824.67
322electron micrographn+n4810.764.67
323bright lightadj+n489.662.3
324partial pressureadj+n489.463
325chloride ionsn+n489.034
326polypeptide chainsn+n489.014.67
327cellulose celln+n485.474
328egg celln+n484.763.67
329fossil fuelsn+n4713.823.67
330tobacco smoken+n4712.532.67
331optic nerveadj+n4710.764
332potential differenceadj+n479.953.7
333exhaled airadj+n479.743
334boiling tubeadj+n479.553.3
335cardiac cycleadj+n479.114
336condensation reactionn+n478.664.33
337population sizen+n477.153.67
338provide energyv+n476.344.3
339root pressuren+n476.153.67
340suspensory ligamentsadj+n4614.065
341phospholipid bilayeradj+n4612.435
342gene pooln+n469.084.33
343kinetic energyadj+n468.853.7
344release energyv+n466.864.3
345take upv+adv465.594
346different allelesadj+n465.173.7
347DNA moleculesn+n463.424
348stimulating hormoneadj+n4510.794.3
349organic compoundsadj+n4510.244.3
350ciliary musclesadj+n459.564.7
351digestive enzymesadj+n458.174
352work outv+adv457.363.7
353inner membraneadj+n457.244
354excess aminoadj+n457.213.5
355oxygen concentrationn+n453.544
356simple sugarsadj+n449.24
357DNA ligasen+n448.284.67
358companion cellsn+n446.474
359mRNA moleculen+n446.184.67
360heart musclen+n445.913
361transport systemn+n445.443.67
362enzyme moleculesn+n443.884.33
363gastric juiceadj+n4312.14
364umbilical cordadj+n4310.624
365phenotypic ratioadj+n4310.545
366primary consumersadj+n439.883.7
367resting potentialadj+n439.364.3
368female gameteadj+n439.34
369speed upv+adv439.23
370build upv+adv438.643.7
371normal leveladj+n436.192
372acid sequencen+n436.194
373transpiration raten+n435.44.33
374large moleculesadj+n434.773.3
375grey matteradj+n4211.414
376peptide bondn+n4211.054
377ion channelsn+n4210.774
378excretory productsadj+n429.584
379large quantitiesadj+n428.842.3
380base pairsn+n428.424.33
381muscle contractionn+n428.334
382recessive allelesadj+n427.115
383bacterial celladj+n425.054
384enzyme actionn+n424.914
385enzyme moleculen+n424.44.67
386antidiuretic hormoneadj+n4111.135
387bring aboutv+adv4110.183.7
388dorsal rootadj+n4110.154.3
389metabolic reactionsadj+n418.54.7
390postsynaptic membraneadj+n418.255
391pea plantsn+n418.172
392total numberadj+n417.182.3
393metabolic rateadj+n416.384.3
394oxygen gasn+n415.923
395starch solutionn+n415.633.67
396heat energyn+n415.263.33
397latent heatadj+n4010.874.7
398hydrogen carbonaten+n4010.544.67
399peptide bondsn+n409.94.33
400relay neuronen+n409.884.33
401external environmentadj+n408.194.3
402tertiary structureadj+n408.14.3
403structural genesadj+n407.874.3
404large intestineadj+n407.014
405companion celln+n406.394
406show howv+adv405.453.3
407plant growthn+n405.182.67
408glucose moleculen+n4044
409Graafian follicleadj+n3912.565
410urinary bladderadj+n3911.814
411reduced NADadj+n3911.284
412pass throughv+adv3910.624.3
413elastic fibresadj+n3910.244
414skeletal musclesadj+n399.534
415heart attackn+n399.443
416motor neuronesn+n398.984.67
417genetic diversityadj+n398.475
418DNA fragmentn+n397.734
419carries outv+adv397.024
420specialised cellsadj+n396.024
421cells becomen+v393.643
422triose phosphaten+n3811.375
423brought aboutv+adv3810.163.7
424primary consumeradj+n3810.073.7
425cardiac muscleadj+n388.734
426female gametesadj+n387.624
427carbon atomsn+n386.833.33
428nuclear membraneadj+n386.454.3
429genetic diseaseadj+n385.883.7
430tissue respirationn+n385.324.67
431carries bloodv+n384.684
432cell containsn+v383.063.3
433synaptic cleftadj+n3712.775
434vascular bundlesadj+n3712.675
435gall bladdern+n3712.594
436systemic circulationadj+n3712.514.7
437saturated fatsadj+n379.824
438nitrogenous basesadj+n379.384.7
439oxygen debtn+n379.034.33
440carrying outv+adv378.044
441endocrine systemadj+n377.84.7
442biological moleculesadj+n376.724
443parent plantn+n375.593.33
444low concentrationadj+n375.252.7
445renal capsuleadj+n3610.154
446nitrogenous wasteadj+n3610.064.3
447linked togetherv+adv368.724.3
448healthy personadj+n368.612.3
449room temperaturen+n368.152.67
450work togetherv+adv368.063.3
451respiratory systemadj+n367.344.7
452ABO bloodn+n367.254
453large numbersadj+n367.132
454makes upv+adv366.514
455different temperaturesadj+n366.322.3
456cancer cellsn+n364.423.33
457distant objectadj+n3512.162.3
458selective reabsorptionadj+n3511.274
459factors affectingn+v3510.173.7
460salivary glandsadj+n3510.114.3
461double circulationadj+n359.884
462amniotic fluidadj+n359.794.7
463erector musclesn+n359.764
464breaking downv+adv359.634.7
465organic matteradj+n359.64
466muscle fibren+n358.834
467multiple allelesadj+n358.354
468capillary actionadj+n357.944
469important roleadj+n357.732
470restriction enzymesn+n357.445
471crop plantsn+n357.442.33
472Golgi bodyn+n356.875
473DNA strandsn+n356.433.67
474soil solutionn+n355.853.67
475tube nucleusn+n355.594.67
476glomerular filtrateadj+n3412.595
477glycosidic bondadj+n3411.484.7
478pupil reflexn+n3411.134
479living thingsadj+n3410.072.3
480large amountsadj+n348.251.7
481hydroxide solutionn+n348.164.33
482phosphate groupsn+n348.035
483carrier proteinsn+n347.894.33
484energy requiredn+v345.794.7
485target cellsn+n345.443.67
486water uptaken+n345.313.67
487molecules moven+v345.284
488haploid cellsadj+n344.844.3
489chronic bronchitisadj+n3313.374.3
490vascular bundleadj+n3312.084.7
491hydrostatic pressureadj+n339.684.7
492air bubblen+n339.272.67
493hepatic veinadj+n339.214
494longitudinal musclesadj+n339.084.3
495white matteradj+n338.724
496left sideadj+n338.512
497produce antibodiesv+n336.614.7
498blood flowingn+v336.474
499become morev+adv335.852.3
500plasma proteinsn+n335.734
501protein moleculen+n334.554
502shows howv+adv333.73.3
503plasma cellsn+n333.414
504bicuspid valveadj+n3211.864.3
505thin filmadj+n3210.792.7
506dim lightadj+n329.912.7
507sweat glandsn+n329.393
508daughter nuclein+n329.344.67
509infected personadj+n329.243
510nitrogenous baseadj+n329.094
511line upv+adv328.913.7
512coat colourn+n328.872.67
513homologous pairsadj+n328.644.3
514glass tuben+n328.612.33
515muscular wallsadj+n328.313.3
516presynaptic membraneadj+n328.125
517nerve fibresn+n327.834
518happens whenv+adv327.673.3
519concentrated solutionadj+n327.523.7
520haploid numberadj+n326.944.3
521specific functionadj+n326.83.3
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1689Schwann cellsn+n106.44.67
1690enzyme catalysesn+v106.375
1691end productn+n106.372.33
1692similar wayadj+n106.351.3
1693transgenic plantsadj+n106.354.7
1694recessive conditionadj+n106.324.3
1695specific stimulusadj+n106.313.7
1696aquatic plantadj+n106.263
1697maize plantsn+n106.263
1698main groupsadj+n106.181.7
1699produces geneticallyv+adv106.184.7
1700compound calledn+v106.172.7
1701uterus walln+n106.043.67
1702lung tissuen+n106.033
1703haploid nucleusadj+n105.945
1704pulmonary diseaseadj+n105.894.3
1705body weightn+n105.873
1706cut downv+adv105.713
1707single baseadj+n105.683.7
1708process requiresn+v105.653.7
1709air flowsn+v105.583.7
1710normal conditionadj+n105.52
1711high riskadj+n105.472.7
1712soluble proteinadj+n105.453.7
1713membrane systemsn+n105.444
1714sperm productionn+n105.414
1715possible gametesadj+n105.343.7
1716larger surfaceadj+n105.32.3
1717products formedn+v105.293.3
1718cause diseasev+n105.243.7
1719particular typeadj+n105.222
1720genetic conditionadj+n105.153.3
1721whole bodyadj+n105.151.3
1722certain substancesadj+n105.121.7
1723short timeadj+n105.121.3
1724heat productionn+n105.053.67
1725nervous tissueadj+n104.994
1726different populationsadj+n104.982
1727complex moleculesadj+n104.973.7
1728moves outv+adv104.952.7
1729food particlesn+n104.823.33
1730active formadj+n104.812.3
1731making upv+adv104.84
1732units calledn+v104.772.3
1733provides energyv+n104.764
1734brings bloodv+n104.683.3
1735energy flowsn+v104.664.3
1736DNA contentn+n104.653.67
1737product moleculesn+n104.624
1738condition calledn+v104.532.3
1739DNA coden+n104.53.67
1740organic foodadj+n104.53.3
1741particular speciesadj+n104.52.3
1742internal bodyadj+n104.442.7
1743blood leavingn+v104.413.3
1744receive bloodv+n104.363.7
1745dioxide levelsn+n104.33.67
1746organisms needn+v104.253
1747water enteringn+v103.972.7
1748high leveladj+n103.921.7
1749haemoglobin moleculesn+n103.914.33
1750produces carbonv+n103.724
1751water passesn+v103.63
1752blood circulationn+n103.553.67
1753insulin producedn+v103.544.7
1754need energyv+n103.454
1755contains chromosomesv+n103.364
1756growth raten+n103.323
1757large moleculeadj+n103.242.7
1758make foodv+n103.132.3



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Sheldon Smith

Author: Sheldon Smith    ‖    Last modified: 16 May 2023.

Sheldon Smith is the founder and editor of EAPFoundation.com. He has been teaching English for Academic Purposes since 2004. Find out more about him in the about section and connect with him on Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn.



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